职称英语考试：词汇资料构词法派生
2.派生：通过加前缀或后缀构成另一个词：
（1）前缀一般不造成词类的转变，而只是引起意思上的变化。前缀中有相当一部分可构成反义词：
| 前缀 | 意思 | 例词 |
| un- | 不做相反动作 | unhappy uncomfortable undress undo |
| dis- | 不做相反动作 | dislike disagree disinfect disconnect |
| in- | 不 | informal inconvenient |
| im- | 不 | impolite impossible |
| non- | 不 | non-existent nonconductor |
还有一些表示其他意思的前缀：
| 前缀 | 意思 | 例词 |
| re- | 重新 | retell rewrite |
| co- | 共同 | co-exist co-operate |
| super- | 超级，上层 | supermarket superman |
| sub- | 下面的 | subway subdivide |
| inter- | 之间的，相互 | international interact |
（2）构成名词的后缀常用的有：
| 后缀 | 例词 |
| -er | thinker teacher |
| -or | actor sailor |
| -ee | employee trustee |
| -ess | actress waitress |
| -ness | illness happiness |
| -(a)tion | preparation dictation |
| -ment | movement government |
| -ing | building painting |
| -ship | leadership friendship |
| -hood | childhood motherhood |
（3）构成形容词的后缀常用的有：
| 后缀 | 例词 |
| -ful | useful cheerful |
| -less | careless homeless |
| -ish | childish selfish |
| -ive | active collective |
| -able | acceptable agreeable |
| -ible | sensible responsible |
| -al | critical exceptional |
| -ous | famous continuous |
| -ic | realistic historic |
| -en | golden wooden |