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职称英语综合类:定语从句、名词性从句(三)

2013-9-4  来自于:课评集

  5) Some of the roads have been flooded(淹没), ______ our journey more difficult.

  A. it makes

  B. they make

  C. which makes

  D. which make

  解题思路:四个答题中有两个区分点:第一个区分点是:C、D都用了连接词"which",而A、B没有用,根据"逗号不能连接两个句子"的原则,A、B肯定不对;第二个区分点是:C、D中,动词一个用单数形式makes,一个用复数形式,这里应选择C.为什么?非限制性定语从句中,除了说明先行的某个名词外,还可以说明整个句子的内容,此时动词用单数形式。全句意思:有的路已被洪水淹没,这使我们的旅行更加困难。"which"代表"有的路已被洪水淹没"这件事情。

  考试时,当出现类似形式的题目而确实又看不懂句子意思时,应倾向于选择which 单数动词的那个选项。

  6)They have made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.

  A. which I think is

  B. I think which is

  C. which I think it is

  D. I think of which is

  解题思路:英语中的连接词一般都是放在从句的最前面,据此,可以排除B、D选项;A、C的区分点是"it", 想一下本节的第一题,就能正确选择答案A了。此类题目中,I think应理解为"插入语",要熟悉这种形式,

  又如:

  He is the man ______ I suppose is capable of finishing this task.

  该题应填who而不是whom

  (在从句中)当状语时:关系副词where及when

  where : 当先行名词在从句中当"地点状语"时,用关系副词where连接

  例如:

  The crime rate rises in cities where the unemployment rate increases. (失业率高的城市犯罪率也高。) 句中的where = in cities, 表示行为发生的地点。

  这里的要点是能否区分是用that (which) 还是用 where, 即:是做"主语、宾表语",还是做"地点状语",例如:

  I love the small town that we visited last week.

  句中"town"做动词"visited"的宾语,即"参观过的小镇",故用that连接。

  I love the small town where I lived during my childhood.

  句中"town" 是动词"lived"的地点,即"童年时住过的小镇",故用where.

  这也是定语从句的一个考点。

  when : 当先行名词在从句中当"时间状语"时,用关系副词when连接, 例如:

  July is the month when we have a lot of rain. (七月是多雨的月份。)

  注意"when"定语从句后推的现象,例如:

  I think (that) the day will finally come when air pollution can be put under control. (我认为空气污染得以控制的一天最终会来到。)

  放在主句后面作非限制定语从句时(前面一般加","号),"when"一般译为"此时","那时", 例如:

  The meeting will be put off until next month, when we will have made all the preparations. (会议将推迟到下月,那时一切就准备就绪了。)

  另一个关系副词是why,由于它固定与the reason搭配, 即: the reason why,不难理解,一般也不作为考试的重点。例如:

  This is the reason why the electronic computer cannot entirely replace man. 这就是(为什么)电子计算机不能完全代替人的原因。

  whose (= of which / whom):做先行词(不管是人还是物)的定语,汉语为"…的",不要考虑是否是限制性或非限制性定语从句, 例如:

  Pay attention to that boy whose temperature is very high. (理论上也可以写成:Pay attention to that boy the temperature of whom is very high. 注意那个男孩,他的体温很高。(非限制性) / 注意那个体温很高的男孩。(限制性)

  介词 which (whom)

  先看两个句子:

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