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职称英语综合类:阅读综合指导五个基本句型

2013-6-14  来自于:课评集

  综合类:阅读综合指导五个基本句型

  根据动词的特性,构成英语中五个基本句型:

  1) 主语 系动词 表语

  2) 主语 不及物动词 ( 其他成分)

  3) 主语 及物动词 宾语

  4) 主语 及物动词 双宾语

  5) 主语 及物动词 宾语 宾语补足语

  我们在学习5个基本句型时,主要关心每个句型中的出题点在哪里。

  (一)第一句型:主语 系动词 表语

  1) 系动词一般为be 动词。

  注意:look, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, become, come, go, turn, grow,

  keep, seem, stand等词可以作"半系动词"用,按行为动词方式变化,起系动词的作用。

  试验比较:

  ―― He felt the pockets thoroughly but did not find a single

  penny.(他摸遍了口袋但没有找到一分钱。―― feel为行为动词)

  ―― You look pale. Do you feel unwell? (你脸色苍白,感到不舒服?―― look / feel为系动词)

  一般来说,动词后面跟的是个形容词或名词,该动词为系动词, 如:The plan sounds perfect. / The flower smells

  nice. / The dish tastes delicious. / It is getting dark.

  实例:

  "Dont worry. Let me take your pulse first." "Oh, it ______ normal."

  (脉搏正常)

  A. is felt

  B. is feeling

  C. feels

  D. felt

  解题思路:normal为形容词,前面应为系动词;系动词没有被动语态,故A不对; look, feel, sound, taste, smell,

  seem等半系动词一般不用进行时,B也不对;D时态错了,故正确答案为C.

  2)there be是英语中非常重要的一个句型: there是引导词,不解释 "那里"; 这是个倒装句, 主语在be动词的后面,

  be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。

  注意中国学生容易搞错的问题:

  There isnt enough furniture in the room.(房间里家具不够)

  错:There hasnt enough furniture in the room.

  There is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in

  China.(毫无疑问,中国已消灭天花。)

  错:It is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.

  There is ample evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.

  (充分证据表明,爱滋病正在亚洲迅速蔓延。―― 同位语从句)

  错:It is evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. (可以: It is evident

  that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. - 主语从句)

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